Chinese Education

For the past week or so James Fallows (Atlantic corespondent based in Beijing) has been hosting a discussion about Chinese education in his blog. The most recent discussion has been about the Gaokao 高考 (literal translation: the high test) it is the national Chinese standardized entrance exam. It is the thing to which all the focus of Chinese high school students are aiming for. To enter a Chinese university one must take and pass this test. Depending on where you live, what school you want to attend, and even what your ethnic background is (ethnic minorities in China have a lower hurdle) you must achieve a certain score to enter your school. Most of the discussion on his blog and from persons commenting on it, is about the exam itself and whether or not it is good or bad.

It seems to me that it is much less important in this case how people are chosen to enter college than what exactly goes on within the college. The Gaokao itself is so much less important than the fact that students may not have a free choice to study what they are interested in, let alone what they may be good at. It seems that vast majorities of Chinese students are unsatisfied with the subjects which they study let alone the quality of the classes they take and the quality of the teachers who teach them.

I take my Chinese classes our school's Graduate student building, a few weeks ago was the registration deadline for enrolling in graduate school here. It may shock some people to realize that even graduate students must take a similar test to determine whether they may enter graduate school. And even more improbably it determines which subject you may be allowed to study. Many of my friends did not test into the schools or programs which they were interested in. Some could not even get their second or third choices of fields of study. Which means that students who are interested in a subject may never be able to actually study that subject, or if they are lucky and studious enough may be able to study it as an undergrad or masters student but are forced to switch to completely different field for their doctorate.

I don't put all the blame on the schools or the system. I do recognize that the students themselves are often blinded to what they are doing. I was often baffled as to why these students would want to spend so much time and effort studying things which do not interest them. Getting a bachelors degree in something which is not your absolute favorite thing is one thing, but an advanced degree is something else. I half assumed these thoughts to be because of a misunderstanding on my part, perhaps I was just a naive American judging too harshly. Though after talking with some of my Chinese teachers here, I found that they too share this belief. One teacher of mine commented on all the students lining up outside our building as wasting their time. In her humble opinion they were only applying to study in grad school because they did not want to have to look for jobs, and more than that, that by pursuing this superfluous education were actually hurting their chances for future employment.

Given that college grads or even masters grads here in China are a dime a dozen employers may have their pick. It seems that many Chinese employers look down upon graduates with what they see as superfluous degrees. In their view these students are lazy and unmotivated and undesirable employees. I don't know if this is a fair assessment or not, it may be quite a cynical outlook but it makes some sense to me.

Chinese students generally believe that if they study well and pass the tests they will be rewarded, and many are. But many more are not. There is a very large number of Chinese University students competing with many times smaller number of jobs. It seems that Chinese higher education is not providing its graduates with either a job at the end or the skills to find, or better yet, to create one of their own.